{"product_id":"the-damascus-events-the-1860-massacre-and-the-destruction-of-the-old-ottoman-world","title":"The Damascus Events: The 1860 Massacre and the Destruction of the Old Ottoman World","description":"\u003cp\u003e‘A superb account of the 1860 Damascus massacres―much neglected nowadays but central to the creation of the modern Middle East’ - Simon Sebag Montefiore\n\n‘A stunning portrait of the Ottoman Empire and of Damascus during a time of crisis. Absolutely riveting’ - Peter Frankopan\n\nThis remarkable book recreates one of the watershed moments in the history of the Middle East: the ferocious outbreaks of disorder across the Levant in 1860 which resulted in the massacre of thousands of Christians in Damascus.\n\nEugene Rogan brilliantly recreates the lost world of the Middle East under Ottoman rule. The once mighty empire was under pressure from global economic change and European imperial expansion. Reforms in the mid-nineteenth century raised tensions across the empire, nowhere more so than in Damascus. A multifarious city linked by caravan trade to Baghdad, the Mediterranean and Mecca, the chaos of languages, customs and beliefs made Damascus a warily tolerant place. Until the reforms began to advantage the minority Christian community at the expense of the Muslim majority.\n\nBut in 1860 people who had generally lived side by side for generations became bitter enemies as news of civil war in Mount Lebanon arrived in the city. Under the threat of a French expeditionary force, the Ottomans dealt with the disaster effectively and ruthlessly - but the old, generally quite tolerant Damascene world lay in ruins. It would take a quarter of a century to restore stability and prosperity to the Syrian capital.\n\nThis is both an essential book for understanding the emergence of the modern Middle East from the destruction of the old Ottoman world, and a uniquely gripping story.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003cdiv class=\"sb-details\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eGenre:\u003c\/strong\u003e History, Middle East\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eFormat:\u003c\/strong\u003e Paperback\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublished:\u003c\/strong\u003e 2025\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePages:\u003c\/strong\u003e 416\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003ePublisher:\u003c\/strong\u003e Penguin\u003cbr\u003e\u003cstrong\u003eISBN:\u003c\/strong\u003e 9781802063202\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"Penguin","offers":[{"title":"Standard Secondhand — £4.44","offer_id":47917313196209,"sku":"SB-180206320X-C3","price":4.44,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0618\/2669\/5345\/files\/180206320X.jpg?v=1789808212","url":"https:\/\/sellbooks.co.uk\/products\/the-damascus-events-the-1860-massacre-and-the-destruction-of-the-old-ottoman-world","provider":"Sell Books .co.uk","version":"1.0","type":"link"}